HMPV - Should You Be Worried?

India has reported its first few cases of HMPV or Human Metapneumovirus, raising concerns about whether we will witness another pandemic in 2025. Following the virus outbreak in China, the Union Health Minister of India, J P Nadda, entreated the public to stay calm, reassuring them that the rise in the cases would not lead to a COVID-19-like outbreak.

While the studies suggest that HMPV was identified in 2001, being vigilant can prevent a potentially serious outbreak. 

So, let’s discuss everything you need to know about HMPV before you decide whether or not you should be worried about the rising cases.

What is HMPV?

Biologically, HMPV, also known as the Human Metapneumovirus, is a negative single-stranded RNA virus from the family of pneumoviridae. 

A generic case of HMPV infects the upper respiratory tract causing cough, cold and shortness of breath. However, if the infection worsens, it can lead to lower respiratory issues, potentially causing pneumonia, bronchitis, or aggravating asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in people with weak immunity. 

Why is HMPV in the News?

The sudden surge in the reported cases of the infection in the Northern China has raised considerable alarm as it brings back memories from the pandemic years- making the public hyper-vigilant.

On this backdrop, the Chinese ministry spokesperson Mao Ning reassured the global community that respiratory issues are generally on the rise during the winters and the surge in cases this year is comparatively lower than the previous year.

How is HMPV Diagnosed?

Diagnosing an infection caused by Human Metapneumovirus through physical examination may be challenging. However, tests like the RT-PCR (Reverse Transcript- Polymerase Chain Reaction) and the Antigen Detection Assay can help to confirm the infection.

In some cases, your doctor may also suggest a bronchoscopy or chest x-ray to assess the condition of your lungs.

What are the Common Causes of HMPV Infection?

The most common causes of HMPV include:

• Being exposed to Contaminated Surfaces: Contaminated surfaces such as doors, mobile phones, used toiletries, may spread the infection.
• Environmental Factors: Being exposed to crowded places, such as metros and markets, may raise the risk of contamination.
• Seasonal Changes: The HMPV spreads more easily during the fall or winter seasons.
• Mutation in the HMPV: The Human Metpneumovirus tends to mutate easily, due to which, it can become more transmissible.

References: China & Khazakhstan, Malaysia, United States, India

Who is at the greatest risk of contracting HMPV?

The groups of people who are at the highest risk of being infected include:

Is there a Cure for HMPV?

While a cure for HMPV infection has not yet been discovered, a combination of over-the-counter medicines, and practical measures to boost your immunity can help you treat the infection comfortably.

We hope this newsletter has helped you understand the issues and facts around Human Metapneumovirus. While the infection is contagious, staying informed and spreading awareness are crucial setps in preventing its spread and minimizing the risk of an outbreak in the long run!

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Till next time...

Stay Safe and Stay Healthy!

Team Care Health