Foods To Avoid In Pregnancy - Check the List

• Written by Anjali Sharma

  Reviewed by Rashmi Rai

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A huge shout-out to all moms-to-be!

One of a woman's most cherished life experiences is becoming a mother! The little life growing inside causes excitement, delight, nervousness, fear, and many other emotions. 

It is very important to eat well during pregnancy to nourish both yourself and your unborn child. Usually, foods to avoid during pregnancy include those that might have a risk of infection or may cause miscarriage. 

Due to changes in the immune system during pregnancy, some women may be more prone to general infections. Many food items contain bacteria or other contagious microorganisms that could harm the foetus. Some viruses may still harm the foetus even if the new mother does not feel ill. 

Keep reading this article to know a list of foods to avoid during pregnancy.

Which Foods Should Be Avoided During Pregnancy?

Eating a healthy pregnancy diet is necessary for you and the baby. Some food items might be safe to eat, but you need to be careful while consuming them. 

It is always recommended not to eat food past its use-by date or where mould is visible. Always follow the cooking instructions and safely prepare and store food.

Sesame Seeds

Historically, dry sesame seeds were used as an abortion-inducing medication. Sesame seeds cause the fertilised ovum to be expelled by stimulating the uterine muscle. During the first three to four vital months of pregnancy, it is advised to stay away from it. However, you can eat dry nuts like almonds, raisins, walnuts, and groundnuts in moderation.

Caffeine

You might be one of the millions who enjoy a cup of coffee, tea, soda, or chocolate every day. When it comes to our love of caffeine, you most certainly are not alone. However, pregnant women should normally limit their daily caffeine intake to less than 200 milligrams (mg) (ACOG). The caffeine may easily be absorbed by the placenta, and the body later absorbs it swiftly. 

A high amount of caffeine can assemble in the body as babies and their placentas don't have the primary enzyme necessary for its metabolisation. High levels of caffeine use during pregnancy have been shown to hinder foetal growth and increase the risk of giving birth to an underweight baby. So be careful while sipping your cup of coffee to prevent giving your infant too much caffeine.

Ajinomoto

In addition to being a common component in households, Ajinomoto is also utilised frequently in street food. It is primarily used in making Chinese food, a favourite cuisine of Indians, but it is not very healthy. Ajinomoto has a significant impact on a fetus's brain development. It is advised to avoid it to a great extent when taking care of your growing baby.

Uncooked or Half Cooked Eggs

Make sure to fully cook the eggs so that the whites and yolks are firm. This lowers the possibility of food poisoning from salmonella. Avoid eating dishes like homemade mayonnaise that include raw or undercooked eggs in them. Consider using pasteurised liquid eggs if you want to serve recipes using raw or undercooked eggs. Avoid using cracked or soiled eggs.

Fenugreek and Fennel Seeds

These components can be used sparingly for flavour, but consuming them frequently in excessive amounts is strongly discouraged. High levels of phytoestrogens found in these seeds strengthen the uterine lining's compression. It facilitates uterine cleansing, increases milk production, and may even induce menstruation.

Refined Flour-Based Products 

Try to keep your distance from products made with refined flour, such as bread, noodles, spaghetti, pita, cookies, and pizza. Avoid packaged and ready-made foods like pickles, sauces, and chutneys because they include preservatives and chemicals that might harm a developing kid. These foods are meant to last long and are therefore not recommended.

List Of Fruits To Avoid During the First Trimester Of Pregnancy

There are various food items that should be removed from the pregnancy diet of the expecting mothers. Following is a list of foods to avoid during pregnancy, according to experts:

Papaya

There are a few foods to avoid during early pregnancy as they may lead to miscarriage. Papaya is one of them, it has a high-risk factor that can cause abortions. Latex, a component of unripe and raw papaya, stimulates uterine contractions. Papaya's papain and pepsin concentration limit foetal growth. Nutritionists and other specialists advise against eating unripe papaya when pregnant.

Pineapple

Bromelain, found in pineapples, can cause the cervix to soften, resulting in a failed labour and miscarriage. It is thought that pineapple can cause an abortion or a premature birth by rapidly heating up your body. Nevertheless, including a small amount of pineapple in the second and third trimester of pregnancy diet is considered safe.

Grapes

Since grapes are also known to raise body temperature, causing unfavourable complications, pregnant women should avoid them, especially in the final stages of conception. Resveratrol, a substance found in grapes, can cause a pregnant woman's hormones to become out of balance and result in a host of other problems. Overconsumption of grapes has also been linked to issues and problems with the stomach.

What Are The Risks Of Eating These Foods?

Each of the above-mentioned foods consists of multiple risks during pregnancy. These food items can contain germs that might cause infections, leading to harmful effects for you and the foetus. 

Below discussed are some of the possible risks of eating these foods:

Listeriosis

It is caused by the bacteria Listeria. Listeriosis is a rare infection that is usually not observed in normal people apart from pregnant women. If your baby also becomes infected from it, it might lead to miscarriage, stillbirth or premature labour. The common food items that could be possibly contaminated by Listeriosis are left overs and pre-pared foods, unwashed or pre-cut fruits and vegetables, soft cheeses, unpasteurised milk products and soft-serve ice cream, and smoked or raw seafood. 

Toxoplasmosis

It is an infection that can affect your baby if you get it for the first time when you’re pregnant. Toxoplasmosis is caused by the parasite Toxoplasma. It is very important to be careful because it can cause your baby to have brain damage or blindness. The common foods that could be contaminated with toxoplasma include are undercooked meat, unwashed fruits and vegetables. 

Salmonella

The bacteria Salmonella can possibly make you sick through food poisoning. But if you get infected by it while pregnant, this might lead to serious medical conditions and in some cases, miscarriage. Foods that could be contaminated with salmonella include raw or undercooked eggs and eggs that were cracked during storage, sesame seeds, hummus and tahini, undercooked meat and chicken, and sprouts.

Mercury Poisoning

Fish is a healthy and nutritious food option when you’re pregnant, but be aware that fish contains mercury. High levels of mercury can affect your baby’s developing nervous system. Some types of fish contain high amounts of mercury in them, such as shark, marlin, broadbill, swordfish, orange roughy and catfish.

Which Food Can Cause Miscarriage?

A few food items, if consumed in large amounts or improperly prepared during pregnancy, may increase the risk of complications, including miscarriage. While it is important to consult a healthcare provider for personalised advice. Here are some foods to be cautious about to avoid miscarriage:

• Unpasteurised Dairy and Juices: It may contain harmful bacteria like Listeria or Salmonella, which can lead to miscarriage.
• Raw or Undercooked Meat, Fish, and Eggs: May carry bacteria like E. coli, and Salmonella, or parasites like Toxoplasma.
• High-Mercury Fish: Mercury can harm the developing baby and may increase the risk of miscarriage.
• Excessive Caffeine: High caffeine intake (over 200 mg per day) has been linked to a higher risk of miscarriage.
• Raw Sprouts: It harbours bacteria like E. coli or Salmonella, which can cause foodborne illnesses.
• Pineapple and Papaya: Large amounts of unripe papaya or pineapple may contain enzymes or compounds that can trigger uterine contractions.
• Herbal Teas and Supplements: Some herbs may stimulate the uterus and cause complications.
• Alcohol: Consuming alcohol can lead to fetal alcohol syndrome and miscarriage.

To ensure a healthy pregnancy, focus on a balanced diet, avoid risky foods, and follow your healthcare provider's guidance.

What is a Good and Balanced Pregnancy Diet?

A good and balanced pregnancy diet ensures that you and your baby get the necessary nutrients for healthy growth and development. Here's a guide to a nutritious pregnancy diet that you can follow: 

• Protein: It helps with the baby's growth and development of tissues and organs. The most common sources of protein are lean meats, poultry, fish (low in mercury), eggs, dairy products, and legumes.
• Carbohydrates: It is necessary to include an adequate amount of carbohydrates in the diet. It provides energy for both mother and baby. The major sources are whole grains (brown rice, quinoa, oats), sweet potatoes, fruits, and vegetables
• Vitamins and Minerals: 

1. Folic Acid: It prevents neural tube defects and is found in leafy greens, fortified cereals, oranges, etc.
2. Iron: Supports blood supply, and is mostly found in lean red meat, spinach, and beans.
3. Calcium: Builds baby’s bones and teeth. Dairy, fortified plant milk, and almonds are the rich sources of calcium.
4. Vitamin D: It helps absorb calcium. It is found in fatty fish, fortified milk, and sunlight exposure.

Here is a sample meal plan for your better understanding of a balanced and healthy pregnancy diet. 

• Breakfast: You should begin your day with a whole-grain toast with avocado and boiled egg. It should be accompanied with fresh orange juice or a healthy smoothie. 
• Mid-Morning Snack: Greek yoghurt with a handful of mixed nuts and berries is a smart choice after breakfast. 
• Lunch: Grilled chicken or tofu with a quinoa salad (spinach, cherry tomatoes, cucumber) along with a side of steamed broccoli makes out a perfect healthy lunch. 
• Afternoon Snack: Apple slices with peanut butter or hummus with carrot sticks should be opted for a nice afternoon snack. 
• Dinner: To make a balanced and healthy dinner, you should go for baked salmon or lentil soup with steamed sweet potato aside from leafy greens.
• Supplements: If recommended by your doctor, you can also take prenatal vitamins as to ensure you get enough folic acid, iron, and other nutrients.

>>Read More: Is Maternity Insurance Available for Already Pregnant Women?

Takeaway

It is essential to avoid foods and drinks that could harm you or your unborn child while pregnant. While the majority of foods and drinks can be consumed without any problems, some, such as raw fish, unpasteurised dairy products, alcohol, and high mercury fish, should be avoided.

In addition, certain meals and drinks like coffee and those with a lot of added sugar should be avoided to support a healthy pregnancy. 

Consult your doctor to get a balanced diet plan and learn about the foods to avoid during pregnancy. 

If you have a maternity insurance plan, you can get pre and post-natal coverage for your doctor visit. 

Disclaimer - The above information is for reference purposes only. Kindly consult your general physician for verified medical advice. The health insurance benefits are subject to policy terms and conditions. Refer to your policy documents for more information.